Southern Spain faced a severe water crisis due to increased avocado and mango farming. The crisis was caused by a combination of extreme weather conditions and long-term mismanagement of water resources. The region's reservoirs and groundwater levels dropped significantly, leading to economic losses. The study used interviews, legal documents, and data analysis to uncover the root causes. The main issues were uncertainties in water availability, lack of enforcement of water quotas, and a lack of flexible regulations to manage water resources effectively. To prevent similar crises, policy changes are needed to better balance water demand and supply in regions facing similar challenges.