The study looked at temperature trends in the atmosphere using different data sources. They found that the amount of warming or cooling varied depending on the location and height in the atmosphere. Over low-middle latitudes, there was cooling in the lower stratosphere and weak warming in the middle troposphere. Antarctica showed warming in the lower-middle troposphere in some data sets and cooling in others. The Arctic experienced warming from the lower troposphere to the lower stratosphere. Overall, global mean temperature increased in the troposphere but decreased in the stratosphere. The spread of temperature trends increased with height in the atmosphere, with reanalysis data showing larger variations than radiosonde data in the stratosphere. In the troposphere, both types of data showed similar trends.