The article discusses how different elements like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus move and change in the Earth's natural systems. These elements are essential for life on Earth and are part of biogeochemical cycles that involve the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The presence of oxygen in the atmosphere is influenced by processes like photosynthesis and respiration. Nitrogen is crucial for life, while phosphorus is important for bones and teeth. These cycles help maintain the balance of elements in the environment, supporting life on Earth.