The article explores the relationship between nature and society from a Marxist perspective. It discusses how labor and production interact with the natural world under both historical materialism and capitalism. The researchers analyze how capitalism exploits natural resources and leads to environmental crises. They also examine the potential for a more sustainable relationship between nature and society under communism. The article critiques certain interpretations of Marx's views on nature and population growth. Overall, it highlights the importance of understanding the connection between capitalism, nature, and social progress.