The study looked at how different types of fertilizers and biofertilizers affect the growth and quality of Isabgol plants. They found that using vermicompost along with some chemical fertilizers led to higher seed and straw yields, as well as better nutrient uptake by the plants. Protein content and swelling capacity of the seeds also increased with certain fertilizers. The soil had more organic carbon and nutrients when fertilizers were used. Additionally, using certain biofertilizers like Azotobacter and Azospirillum also improved plant growth and soil quality.