To increase rice productivity with less land and water, researchers studied weed control in a maize-rice system. They found that herbicides effectively reduced weed biomass in both crops, especially in rice. Glyphosate was effective in maize, while a combination of herbicides worked well in rice. However, one weed species, Murdannia nudiflora, was not effectively controlled. Weed control significantly increased rice grain yield, showing a negative relationship between weed biomass and rice yield. Future research should focus on integrating agronomic practices with herbicide rotation to ensure sustainable weed management.