Dryland crop production in the Southern High Plains faces challenges due to low rainfall and high evaporation rates. Researchers compared different tillage and residue management systems for wheat and sorghum crops from 1984 to 1993. They found that no-tillage management of wheat residues increased soil water content, but sorghum residues were less effective. Fallow systems generally had higher yields, but continuous sorghum production was most efficient in using precipitation. Sorghum outperformed wheat due to greater biomass production. Overall, sorghum seems better suited for the region's rainfall patterns.