The article introduces three methods for analyzing how electromagnetic waves bounce off large metal objects. These methods break down the problem into smaller parts to make it easier to solve. By using these methods, the number of calculations needed can be reduced, making the process more efficient. The researchers tested these methods on different objects and found that they work well in predicting how the waves will behave. This study shows that it is possible to simplify complex calculations when studying how electromagnetic waves interact with large metal objects.