Adrenalectomy in patients with advanced prostate cancer led to a significant decrease in the excretion of androgen metabolites in the urine, regardless of previous hypophysectomy. Patients who relapsed after hypophysectomy showed higher levels of certain hormones and urinary estrogen compared to those in remission. Patients who had adrenalectomy soon after orchiectomy had longer periods of remission compared to those who had the procedure later.