The study used a method called rank-order instrumental variables to figure out how education affects the wages of young Australians. This method helps deal with the problem of schooling being connected to wages in a way that's not straightforward. The researchers found that each extra year of schooling is linked to an 8% increase in wages. They also discovered that the method they used could show the connection between schooling and wages. Despite this, the adjusted estimate of how schooling affects wages was similar to the usual estimate.