The article discusses how traditional methods of evaluating investment projects in the oil and gas industry may lead to wrong decisions due to their static nature. To address this, the researchers propose using real options theory, which allows for flexibility in decision-making during the investment process. By considering various options at different stages of the project, including adjusting to new information and market conditions, more accurate and profitable decisions can be made. This approach is particularly important for investments in unconventional resource extraction in the petroleum industry.