Fluctuating population dynamics can lead to the evolution of phenotypic plasticity in organisms. When environments are unstable and fluctuating, organisms are more likely to develop the ability to change their traits in response to these changes. In contrast, stable environments favor genetic diversification. A study using a predator-prey model found that phenotypic plasticity was more common in populations with pronounced predator-prey cycles, while genetic diversification was favored in more stable environments. In some cases, populations developed a mix of specialists and generalists. This research suggests that the dynamics of populations and their environments are closely linked, and understanding these dynamics is crucial for explaining how species evolve in nature.