The study looked at whether people prefer counseling that focuses on individual needs or on group needs, and how this preference is related to their personal beliefs, gender, and age. The researchers found that people may prefer different counseling approaches depending on the situation. They also found that personal beliefs about individualism or collectivism did not always match up with counseling preferences. Gender and age did not consistently predict counseling approach preferences. This suggests that people's preferences for counseling may vary based on the specific situation they are in.