Scientific realism strengthened as underdetermination poses less threat than believed.
Scientific theories are often not fully determined by data, which challenges the idea of scientific realism. This argument faces objections related to the holistic nature of confirmation and a theory/data dualism. Possible responses to these objections exist, but the best response to one objection conflicts with the best response to the other. Overall, underdetermination may not be as big of a problem for scientific realism as previously believed.