Observed patterns in plant species richness may be completely inverted!
Spatial autocorrelation can change how we see patterns in nature. In a study on plant species richness in Germany, ignoring spatial autocorrelation showed a positive relationship with altitude. But when considering it, the relationship turned negative. This flip happened because of how Germany's environment is set up, with high altitudes in the south and lowlands in the north. This study highlights the importance of accounting for spatial autocorrelation in ecological research.