The study looked at how different types of fertilizers affect the growth and yield of rice crops. By using a mix of organic and inorganic fertilizers, the researchers found that the rice plants grew taller, had more tillers, and produced more grains. When 50% of the nitrogen fertilizer came from organic sources like Sesbania aculeate, and the other 50% from inorganic urea, the rice yield increased by 24% in the kharif season and 25% in the rabi season compared to using only inorganic fertilizer. This combination also resulted in the highest profits for the farmers.