The study looked at how different sugarcane plants can be combined to improve yield. They found that some traits like cane height and hardness are mainly influenced by genes passed down from parents, while others like number of millable canes are more affected by new gene combinations. Certain sugarcane varieties were identified as good combiners for specific traits, and some crosses showed promise for increasing cane yield. This research suggests that selecting parent plants based on their genetic effects can help improve sugar content in sugarcane.