A study on soils from Punjab found that adding more phosphate increased its absorption and release. The amount of phosphate absorbed varied based on soil properties like clay and calcium carbonate. Most soils absorbed over 150 mg of phosphate per kg of soil. Factors like calcium carbonate, iron oxides, and clay influenced how much phosphate could be absorbed. Clay, calcium, and magnesium levels affected how easily phosphate could move through the soil. Organic carbon and iron levels influenced how much phosphate could be released back into the soil. These findings help understand how phosphate availability affects plant growth in these soils.