Researchers analyzed 482 pigeonpea germplasm lines to understand genetic variability and relationships between different traits. They found that environmental factors had a significant impact on the traits studied. Traits like seed yield, number of pods, plant height, and flowering time showed high variability. Most traits had high heritability, indicating a strong genetic influence. Traits like seed yield, number of pods, plant height, and flowering time showed high genetic variance and potential for improvement. There were strong positive correlations between yield-contributing traits, indicating their importance in determining overall seed yield. Primary branches per plant had the most significant direct effect on seed yield, followed by number of pods, days to maturity, and seed weight.