This article explores how the rules on compensating people for harm in legal cases (torts) need to be fair and effective. It can be tricky to figure out the right amount of money to give as compensation. Surprisingly, giving victims full compensation might not always be the best approach. Determining what's fair compensation is also more complicated than it seems. The study looks at various aspects of calculating damages, including for injuries and death. It discusses how the rules on who is responsible and how much they should pay can affect the final compensation. Special cases like when companies are sued, whether the defendant's wealth matters, and how to calculate different types of losses are also explored. The research offers a detailed overview of these topics with a helpful list of recommended readings at the end.