The study looked at how different components in soil affect the ability of soil to hold onto phosphate. They used different types of acid paddy soils and found that factors like clay content, pH, iron oxide, and aluminum oxide play a role in phosphate sorption. pH had a negative effect, while iron oxide and aluminum oxide had a positive effect. Organic matter influenced how tightly phosphate was held by the soil particles. Overall, organic matter was important in releasing phosphate in acid paddy soils by reducing how strongly phosphate is held by the soil.