Population and family planning programs in Third World countries aim to reduce rapid population growth, improve economic development, and enhance the health of mothers and children. Despite varying success rates, contraceptive use has increased and fertility has declined since the 1960s. The US government has been a major supporter of these programs, but funding has decreased in recent years. Key areas for future focus include ensuring a steady supply of contraceptives, strengthening family planning infrastructure, and considering the impact of population growth on national development and individual well-being.