Scientists have made big progress in understanding and modeling how water, heat, and chemicals move through the ground. They can now simulate these processes in detail, like how chemicals interact with the soil and how water flows through different layers. By combining different processes, they can create more accurate models. They can also simulate how tiny particles move through the ground and how water flows on the surface and underground. With better technology and knowledge, scientists can now make very detailed simulations of how water, heat, and chemicals move through the ground.