Forest and forestland play a crucial role in Vietnam, providing livelihoods for people living in or near forests and mountainous areas. The study analyzed changes in forest resources and forestry policies in Vietnam. Over the years, the forest area has been rapidly expanding, reaching 13.39 million hectares in 2010. This growth has helped create jobs, improve livelihoods, and utilize bare land for 25% of the population in mountainous regions. Government policies have supported the development of forest plantations and conservation efforts. Forest utilization in Vietnam is driven by environmental and commercial factors, with forests categorized into special use, protection, and production forests. Challenges include managing conflicting land claims and boundary disputes due to the value of established forests.