The study used a tank model to look at how changes in land use affect water flow in a specific area in Indonesia. By analyzing rainfall and climate data, the researchers found that conservation efforts in the area led to increased river flow and water soaking into the ground. Managing the land with conservation in mind resulted in less water runoff, more water seeping into the soil, and higher groundwater levels. This helps maintain a balanced flow in the river, preventing extreme fluctuations. The tank model can be used to predict water flow in different land use scenarios in the area.