The researchers studied soil fertility and salinity in Gujrat district, Pakistan to help farmers and researchers improve crop production. They collected and analyzed over 10,000 soil samples from 1994 to 2001. Most samples had loam texture and pH below 8.5. The majority of samples were normal in salinity, but some were saline, saline-sodic, or sodic. Unfortunately, 81% of samples were found to be poor in organic matter and available phosphorus.