The researchers studied soil pH levels in Xuzhou City's urban area. They collected soil samples and used geo-statistics and GIS technology to analyze the pH values. The results showed that soil pH varied from 6.47 to 8.48 across the area, following a normal distribution pattern. The spatial variability had a nugget/still ratio of 21% and a range of 9,500 meters. Overall, the soil pH distribution showed a pattern of low-high-low from the city center, indicating both human and natural influences on soil quality.