The researchers used steam-explosion technology to treat bamboo and studied the changes in its chemical composition and fiber structure. They found that after treatment, holocellulose content decreased, cellulose content increased, and lignin content stayed mostly the same. The fiber length decreased, with debris and cracks appearing on the surface. The cellulose crystallinity increased significantly. Additionally, 32 compounds were identified in the liquid extracted from the treated bamboo, with diethyl-pentanedioic acid ester being the main compound.