Surgical treatment for varicocele-associated male infertility can improve sperm quality. A study on 520 infertile men with varicocele showed that retroperitoneal varicocelectomy significantly increased sperm density, survival rate, normal appearance sperm rate, and sperm count. After the operation, 70.37% of the patients' partners became pregnant within 2 years. This type of surgery is effective in enhancing the fertility of men with varicocele.