The study analyzed the process of desertification in Xinjiang's grassland ecosystem. They found two types of desertification processes: one in plain and low hill areas, and another in mountain grasslands. Human activities and changes in water resources can turn grasslands into farmland, woodland, wetland, desert, or communities. Climate change plays a big role in desertification in Southern and Eastern Xinjiang. Misuse of water resources, overgrazing, and poor grassland management are key factors in grassland desertification. Desertification in Xinjiang is a result of both natural factors and human activities.