The study looked at how efficient public sector banks in India were in 2004/05 using a method called data envelopment analysis. They found that these banks could reduce their inputs by 11.5% without affecting their outputs if they were as efficient as the best-performing banks. The main reason for inefficiency was due to managerial issues rather than the size of the banks. The study also showed that banks engaging in non-traditional activities were more efficient overall.