A study looked at how different ways of handling rice straw affect greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields. They found that leaving the straw in the soil increased methane emissions but decreased nitrous oxide emissions. Burning the straw reduced both methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Nitrous oxide emissions were a big part of total emissions, especially during the growing season. The total greenhouse gas emissions were highest with the straw left in the soil, followed by burning the straw, and lowest with just fertilizer. Burning the straw also emitted greenhouse gases similar to the rice field itself.