The study looked at how soil nitrogen levels affect two invasive plant species, Ageratina adenophora and Chromoleana odorata. The researchers found that both plants adapted well to different nitrogen levels, with more nitrogen leading to increased growth and competitiveness. A. adenophorum was better at acclimating to nitrogen than C. odorata. High nitrogen levels benefited the invasive plants, allowing them to grow faster and outcompete native species. The plants invested more biomass in roots at lower nitrogen levels for better nutrient absorption, and in leaves at higher levels for increased carbon accumulation. Overall, the invasive plants thrived in nitrogen-rich environments, even when levels were higher than optimal.