The study looked at how different factors like wheat variety, sowing time, sowing rate, and soil type affect the yield of winter wheat planted in spring. They found that using a sowing rate of 0.25 million grains per 666.7 square meters was best. Shoaly land gave higher yields than sandy land. Delaying sowing date led to lower yields, fewer ears, fewer grains per ear, and lighter kernels. Among the varieties tested, Yumai 13 had the highest yield.