Researchers at the Inner Mongolia Ecosystem Research Station have made significant progress in studying grassland ecosystems since 1998. They found that converting grassland to cropland reduces soil organic carbon by 34%. The soil-vegetation system helps absorb methane from the atmosphere. Winter temperatures have been increasing, leading to worsened spring droughts and decreased grassland productivity. Grassland degradation is a serious issue. Applying sulfur fertilizer can improve grass quality and wool production.