Loess platform region faces ecosystem risk due to land use changes.
Land use change flow in the loess platform region was analyzed, showing that cultivated land is dominant but scarce, while forest, grassland, and water resources are at risk. The main land use changes were from cultivated land to built-up land and from grassland to cultivated land. The ecosystem is most disturbed in water areas, followed by forests and grasslands. Land use stability varied over time, with higher change rates near cities. The central part of the region experienced more change initially, shifting to the edges later on.