The article analyzes the water cycle in inland river basins in the Hexi Region of Northwest China. It looks at how water resources form in mountains, disappear in plains, and interact in artificial oases. The study shows that water resources in the basin are interconnected and transfer between different forms. It also quantitatively examines water consumption in mountains, the shift between surface water and groundwater, and the impact of artificial oases on water availability. The research highlights the need to understand the entire water cycle in the river basin, balance water use between mountains and plains, and improve water management for sustainable development in the region.