The rise of Shanxi merchants in the Ming and Qing Dynasty was linked to changes in the province's ecological environment. Businessmen from the southern part of Shanxi became wealthier due to better conditions, while those in the middle and northern parts faced challenges. By seizing opportunities in grain and salt trade, Shanxi merchants in the Ming Dynasty grew their businesses. In contrast, Qing Dynasty merchants ventured to other provinces for better opportunities. Despite environmental and economic challenges, Shanxi merchants succeeded through hard work and business acumen.