The article explores two main patterns of winter rainfall in China using data from weather stations and ocean temperatures. The first pattern shows how rainfall in southeastern China varies every 2-4 years and has decreased slightly in recent years. The second pattern reveals a relationship between rainfall in South China and other regions, with a trend towards less rainfall from 1980 to 2005. The researchers found that the first pattern is linked to El Niño events and winter winds in Asia, while the second pattern is influenced by a wave pattern from the North Atlantic. These findings could help predict winter rainfall in China based on ocean temperatures and atmospheric conditions.