The study looked at how different ways of using and managing land affect soil quality in a karst region in Guizhou Province. They found that soil fertility varied depending on the type of land use, with the best results seen in agroforestry systems, followed by well-managed farmland, and the worst in sloping cropland. To improve soil health in degraded areas, it's important to add organic matter over time. Poor land use and management can quickly make soil quality worse. To protect soil and use land sustainably, it's better to stop farming on degraded land and use better soil management practices.