Researchers studied soil moisture under different types of artificial vegetation in the southern Loess Plateau before and after extreme precipitation. They found that in areas with poplar woods, chinar woods, and Chinese phoenix tree forests, the soil had a weak drying layer at depths of 1.5-4 meters, but deeper layers had higher moisture content. Wheat and lawn fields had good soil moisture levels. After heavy rain, soil moisture levels improved, but ongoing ecosystem development and economic forestry activities could threaten soil moisture balance. Monitoring soil moisture, planting new species strategically, and balancing economic benefits with sustainable development are crucial for maintaining healthy soil moisture levels in the region.