The study looked at how exposure to cadmium affects the way grass leaves do photosynthesis. They found that after being exposed to cadmium, the grass leaves had lower rates of photosynthesis and gas exchange. The fluorescence characteristics of the leaves also changed, with some values decreasing significantly. The distribution of energy in the leaves was altered, and the content of certain pigments decreased. Overall, cadmium stress had a negative impact on the photosynthetic process in the grass leaves.