A study looked at how planting density and row spacing affect maize yield and characteristics in Chongqing, China. They found that the best yield was with a planting density of 3,500 plants per 667 square meters. Planting density affected ear length, width, and kernels per row. Row spacing of 0.9 meters gave the highest yield. Increasing planting density led to taller plants but lower photosynthesis. Increasing row spacing also affected plant height and photosynthesis. The combination of 3,500 plants per hectare and a row spacing of 0.9 meters is recommended for maize cultivation in Chongqing.