The researchers studied how different planting densities and fertilizer levels affect cotton yield and quality. They used a specific type of cotton called Gang-0379 in their experiments. By planting 60,000 plants per hectare and using 165 kg of fertilizer per hectare, they achieved the best results with 3,520.95 kg of seed cotton yield and 1,662.00 kg of lint cotton yield. This combination outperformed other planting patterns tested in the study.