The physical properties of coal reservoirs in Hebei province were analyzed to improve coal bed methane exploration. The study found that coal rank affects saturated adsorption, gas content, and methane concentration. Lignite has well-developed mesopores, while vitrain has better micro-fractures than clarain. Permeability varies in different mining areas, with Fengfeng, Wanquan, and Dacheng showing higher permeability. This analysis provides valuable insights for the efficient extraction of coal bed methane in Hebei province.