The goal of the study was to find the best way to design durable concrete by determining the right water-to-cement ratio and minimum cement amount. The researchers used a formula method to analyze both strength and durability of concrete. They established a formula for the water-to-cement ratio that meets durability requirements. By comparing this ratio with the one for strength, they chose the lower one to calculate the cement dosage. The study focused on different aspects of concrete durability like frost resistance, carbonization, acid diffusion, and abrasion resistance.