The study aimed to improve mining practices under loose aquifers to extract coal resources more efficiently. By conducting trials and observations in different mining methods, the researchers found that lowering the water table and weakening water flow in the aquifer helped create a stable roof after mining. They also discovered that certain mining methods resulted in lower water cracking heights in the overburden rock, providing insights into better water prevention and isolation strategies. Overall, the study showed that specific mining techniques can enhance coal extraction while minimizing water-related challenges.