The study analyzed how different types of naturally brown cotton plants can be combined to improve yield in upland cotton. They found that the traits related to yield were mostly influenced by the genes from the parents and how they interact. The combining ability of the plants had a significant impact on seed cotton yield, boll weight, seed index, lint yield, lint percentage, and boll number per plant. The best results were seen in the F1 generation, where lint yield increased by over 22% and the quality of the cotton remained consistent. Overall, combining specific types of naturally brown cotton plants can lead to better yields and quality in upland cotton.