The study looked at how different amounts of fertilizer and plant density affect the growth of high quality winter wheat. They found that moderate fertilization and high plant density are best for wheat grain filling. The highest grain yield was seen with high fertilization and plant density. The level of fertilization and plant density also affects the photosynthesis of the wheat leaves, with high plant density and medium fertilization being best for leaf photosynthesis. Overall, finding the right balance of fertilizer and plant density is important for growing winter wheat with high grain yield.