The scientists studied how semen quality changes over time and its connection to sperm health. They looked at 127 semen samples using special tests to understand sperm movement and DNA damage. They found that within 15 minutes of collection, most sperm were very active, but this decreased after 30 and 60 minutes. Some sperm also showed DNA damage linked to slower movement. When sperm analysis showed big differences between two tests, it could mean DNA damage possibly affecting fertility. Having at least two tests is important to check sperm health accurately. This research highlights the importance of monitoring sperm quality and DNA damage for understanding male fertility.